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Bacta-Pur Studies
CASE HISTORY:
Sludge reduction in trout ponds
Aquaculturists face a growing problem of decreasing water quality. Pollution causes negative feedback on yields and profits. Sludge accumulation is a common problem in aquacultural production. The sludge is not only expensive to get rid of but also contributes to degrading water quality and can cause poor flesh flavour. The Bacta-Pur System was developed as an ecological engineering tool to contribute to sustainable aquaculture and profitability.
A trout pond in Ontario, on one of the largest fishing preserves in Canada was having a problem with sludge accumulation. The pond in question was about 120 ft x 90 ft x 15 ft deep and is used for fishing but also receives hatchery wastes. Approximately, two feet of trout manure accumulated in the pond each year. Vacuuming out the ponds was not only time consuming but also simply put the wastes elsewhere. The owner wanted to reduce the sludge handling time and costs and to improve water clarity.
Treatment Program
The pond was treated for three months using 10 L of Bacta-Pur XLG per month.
Results
The three month treatment resulted in crystal clear water and complete biodegradation of the two feet of fish manure, inspite of the fact that the water temperature never exceed 56°F (13°C).
CASE HISTORY:
Reduction of airborne ammonia in chicken barn
Intensive production of livestock such as chickens or pigs usually results in high levels of airborne ammonia. The degraded air quality stresses the animals, causes negative feedback on the production including decreased efficiency of food conversion and increased susceptibility to general diseases and specifically to pulmonary problems (e.g. pneumonia).
The bottom line is fundamental in all animal production: More Stress = Less Profits. Alternatively, if we can decrease stress, we can increase profits.
Treatment Program
The ability of the Bacta-Pur System to lower airborne ammonia was tested over a period of 38 days in an egg producing facility in New Brunswick, Canada. The barn (15m x 45m) contains 12,000 chickens. The barn is cleaned in September, and air degrades over winter. This winter ammonia reached levels, which were causing the chickens to go blind. The treatment with Bacta-Pur began on May 15, 1995 for 4 weeks. Airborne ammonia was monitored with a Dräger tester as used by the government of New Brunswick. The air sampling, during and following the test period, was always conducted in the same place within the barn.
Five litres of Bacta-Pur XLG were mixed with 10 L of water and sprayed, with a small garden backpack sprayer, onto the manure 3 times per week for 3 weeks . The fourth week, Bacta-Pur was applied only once.
Airborne ammonia dropped from nearly 60 ppm to 18 ppm, within 3 weeks of beginning the treatment. Ammonia levels only increased slightly to 25 ppm with the decreased rate of use of Bacta-Pur.
Cessation of use of Bacta-Pur, however, resulted in the rapid return to ammonia levels above 40 ppm in spite of increased ventilation, in the end of June, as normally occurs in summer.
CASE HISTORY:
Reduction of solids in cow manure
A demonstration was conducted, by the British Columbia Research Council, to reduce solids in dairy cow manure slurries.
The demonstration was conducted in 12 L reactors, which were aerated for 15 days. Controls were compared to reactors to which preactivated Bacta-Pur was added. Sludge and solids were assessed by three techniques: 30 min. Sludge Volume (mL), Suspended Solids (mg/L) and Sludge Volume Index (mL/mg).
All three techniques showed the Bacta-Pur treated systems had sludge/solid reductions of 64-87%
CASE HISTORY:
Reduction of BOD and ammonia in pig manure
A demonstration was conducted, in Holland, to reduce BOD and ammonia and odors in pig waste. 10,000 liters of wastes were presettled; the liquid phase was then separated, aerated and treated with the Bacta-Pur System. It is important to assure the continual presence of oxygen at the sediment-water interface for the survival of the bottom dwelling higher life forms such as invertebrates and fishes. Bottom mounted air diffusers are a most cost-effective means to assure a well-oxygenated reservoir and can be used in tandem with bacterial products to reduce foul smells and unwanted effluence. The beneficial microorganisms in Bacta-Pur biotechnologies convert wastes in ponds into bacterial biomass, producing food for higher life forms including fishes. Experimental work with fish has shown that use of Bacta-Pur increased production by over 37% (Ehrlich et al. 1991; A diagnostic and ecological approach to the purification of sewage, toxic substances and water bodies; IN: Ecological Engineering for Waste Water Treatment, Proceedings (C. Etnier & B. Guterstam eds) Bokskogen, Box 7048, S-402-31, Gothenburg, Sweden. pp. 95-109). Similar benefits of bacterial augmentation have been found for growth and survival of prawn and crab larvae (Maeda & Nogami, 1989; Some aspects of the biocontrolling method in aquaculture. IN: Current Topics in Marine Biotechnology (S. Miyachi, I. Karube & Y. Ishida, eds), Japan. Soc. Mar. Biotechnol., Tokyo, pp. 395-398). These authors also showed that regular additions of beneficial bacteria reduced pathogens (e.g. Vibrio spp.) in the culture water. The Bacta-Pur biotechnological system can improve water quality in ponds while converting wastes into natural food. Treatment with the Bacta-Pur System Ponds are treated with a combination of two biotechnologies (Bacta-Pur N-3000 and Bacta-Pur XLG) and Bacta-Pur CARRIER 1, which transports bacteria through the water column to the sediments. The two biotechnologies work together to produce clearer water, control ammonia and nitrite, remove organic sediments and to convert pollutants into food for invertebrates and fishes. One L Bacta-Pur XLG & 2 L Bacta-Pur N3000 / 1,000,000 L pond water (1) / week. The application technique consists of preactivating Bacta-Pur XLG for 24 hours; Bacta-Pur ACTIVATORs 1&2 with precise instructions are attached to each bottle. The weekly dose of Bacta-Pur is mixed with 1 kg of Bacta-Pur CARRIER 1(2) per 10 litres of Bacta-Purand stirred for 30 minutes. The mixture is then diluted with 10-100 X the volume of pond water and is sprayed or splashed over the surface of the pond. Raceways are treated with Bacta-Pur N3000 to control ammonia and nitrite. Phosphorus reduction in effluents has also been reported. One half litre of Bacta-Pur N3000 is continuously added to each 1,000 m3 (260,000 gal US) of incoming water. Automatic on-site growth and continuous injection of nitrifiers is most easily accomplished with a Bacta-Pur Bactivator. Settling Ponds are treated with Bacta-Pur XLG to solubilize sludge and remove soluble pollutants. Four L Bacta-Pur XLG / 1,000,000 L settling pond water(1) / week. The weekly dose of Bacta-Pur XLG is preactivated, mixed with 1 kg of Bacta-Pur CARRIER 1(2) per 10 litres of Bacta-Pur and stirred for 30 minutes. The mixture is then diluted with 10-100 X the volume of pond water and is sprayed or splashed over the surface of the pond. Calculate pond volume by multiplying the averages of the length, the width, and the depth. 1m3 = 1000 L, 1ft3 = 28.3 L. Other useful conversion factors: 1 kg = 2.2 lb.; 1 L = 0.264 gal US. An alternative to the use of Bacta-Pur CARRIER 1, in small ponds, is to pump the diluted mixture into the sediments or to simply pour the mixture down a pipe the end of which is resting on the bottom. If the pipe is used the pipe should be flushed with pond water before withdrawing it from the pond. This will assure that the Bacta-Pur is released in the sediments. 
One liter (100 ppm) of Bacta-Pur G-2000+ was initially preactivated and added; this was followed by daily additions of 20 ml (2 ppm). BOD decreased from nearly 5000 mg/L, at the start, to 350 mg/L within 2 weeks. The lack of data between these sampling points did not allow determination of the true rate of decrease. Ammonia-nitrogen decreased from 2000 mg/L to 100 mg/L over the 39 days of the trial. Further reductions would have been anticipated had Bacta-Pur N-2000+ also been included in the treatment.
(Since the time of this demonstration, G-2000+ has been replaced by
The recommended treatment will be provided upon receipt of the completed Needs Form
Bacta-Pur biotechnological products contain beneficial communities of natural bacteria, which have been on earth for millions of years. All we do is grow them in the right proportions to create powerful teams that improve water quality and accelerate the transformation of organic wastes into bacterial biomass, carbon dioxide and water. Every production of Bacta-Pur biotechnologies is analyzed and cleared for shipment only when certified pathogen frr using techniques from the food industry.
Water Quality Improvement in Cold & Cool Water Aquaculture
Drugs cannot improve growth and feed conversion efficiency nor can they be used indefinitely to compensate for declining water quality. If proper attention is not paid to the maintenance of good water quality, decreasing returns from fish ponds are inevitable.
Bacta-Pur biotechnologies are highly concentrated; the guaranteed minimal cell count exceeds 10x11 cells/mL. Compare this to any other brand, and you will appreciate the concentration of Bacta-Pur products. Small regular doses are very effective.
